501. Preamble.-At the conclusion of investigation, the Project Investigator shall formulate a Report which is called Project Report if the investigation is based on Final Location Surveys, Project Reports shall be prepared in the format contained in para 502. In the case of Techno-economic Surveys based on Preliminary Engineering-cum-Traffic Survey, Techno-economic Surveys Report shall be formulated as indicated in para 555. If the investigation is a feasibility study based on Reconnaissance Survey then a Feasibility Report shall be prepared (refer para 576).

502. Project Report.--The Project Report may be compiled under chapters as indicated below :

• (i) Introduction;

• (ii) Characteristics of the project area;

• (iii) Standards of construction;

• (iv) Route selection;

• (v) Project Engineering, Estimation of Cost and Construction Schedule; and

• (vi) Conclusions and recommendations.

Introduction

503. Introduction.-The contents of this chapters may be presented under the following sections :

• (i) Object of investigation and background;

• (ii) Programme and methodology of investigation;

• (iii) Special features of investigation.

504. In the first section the object of the proposed investigation and the history of the past investigations carried out, if any, should be indicated. If any orders of the Government for the present investigation has been issued a reference to this order should be mentioned.

505. In the section dealing with the programme of investigation the organisation adopted for the investigation and the studies made and the work accomplished during the field season may be furnished in a brief narrative form. In the section "Methodology of Investigation" the method adopted for selection of major obligatory points selection of alignments, particularly in difficult terrain, choice of design of important river crossings and important station sites may be enunciated.

506. If the investigation involves any special features like investigation of various alternatives for a major river crossing, traversing of deep ravines, difficult hilly terrain, marshy areas requiring special stabilization studies etc. these may be mentioned in the section "Special Features" in brief.

Characteristics of the project area

507. Characteristics of the Project Area.--In this Chapter the topographical outline of the area and the geological features of the country in so far as these are likely to affect the alignment, probable stability of the line, cost of construction, working expenses or future prospects of the proposed line may be explained. Climatic and rain-fall characteristics and environmental characteristics like presence of corrosive factors, pollution etc., which may have an effect on the design and maintenance of structures, bridges etc., may be brought out. Any plans that are being developed by other agencies for impounding rivers in the project area should be enquired into and indicated. This Chapter should cover the existing means of communication in the Project Area, the availability of access roads to the alignment and the outline of the civil administrations of the area. The extent to which the railway works would interfere with the existing military cantonments, building, rifle ranges, camping grounds, or communications should be brought out, Extent of such interferences, opinion of local military authorities and how their objections, if any, can best be met with and the adoption of bridges to take heavy lorries, guns and other military traffic may be mentioned.

Standards of construction

508. Standards of construction.--This Chapter must present an outline of the standards adopted for the various constituent elements of the Project. The object is to present the terms of reference on which the cost of the project has been framed, which will facilitate the investment decision making authority to review the standards, if necessary, and to make a choice compatible with the traffic prospects and resource availability. The standards of construction may be presented under headings indicated in paras 510 to 523.

509. Gauge. The Gauge adopted for the proposed line and reasons, if any for adopting it, may be stated.

510. Category of Line. The category of line (see para 210) the maximum speed potential of the line, the maximum axle load the loading standard of bridges and the basis for adopting the same may be indicated.

511. Ruling Gradient. The Ruling Gradient adopted and the basis for its selection may be furnished. The maximum length and tonnage of goods trains catred for in the design may be indicated. Calculation regarding the most economical Ruling Gradient may be relegated to an Appendix.

512. Curves. The sharpest degree of curvature adopted, the basis for its adoption and its impact on the projected speed compatible to the category of line may be indicated.

513. Permanent Way.--Rail section adopted, whether welding of rail will be carried out or not, the type and density of sleepers, provided in the Project Estimate may be mentioned.

514. Ballast.-The type and the depth of ballast cushion provided may be stated.

515. Fixed Structure Clearance. The fixed structure clearance adopted the maximum speed for which various works are designed, and the potential available for increasing speed on the line (particularly in category `A' of BG) may be indicated.

516. Road Crossings. The standards adopted for level crossings and grade separated road crossings may be expounded in brief.

517. Stations.--Spacing of stations in the case of new lines, provisions made for future intermediate stations and the scale of facilities contemplated at the stations may be stated in brief.

518. Residential Accommodation. The scale and extent to which residential accommodation have been included in the project cost may be stated.

519. Station Machinery. Brief indication of the engine changing arrangements, length of each engine run, number of watering stations included in the project (in the case of new lines) and water supply augmentation arrangements covered in the project cost may be furnished.

520. Servicing and Maintenance Facilities. Any servicing and maintenance facilities like repair shops etc. included in the project cost may be stated.

521. Signalling and Telecommunications. The standard of Signalling adopted and the scale of communication facilities provided may be indicated.

522. Traction.-The type of traction proposed may be stated.

Route Selection

523. This Chapter must provide relevant information and data of the various alternative routes examined and must give an insight into the factors influencing the choice of the route adopted for the project. It must at the outset indicate the various alternative routes examined. In presenting the alternatives only routes several kilometres in length should be mentioned. Minor deviations should be discussed in dealing with each main alternative route.

Thereafter the general description of each alignment, clearly defining the "fixed point" or zero from which the kilometrage of the proposed line is reckoned, selection of junction and other stations on the alignment, and short descriptions of river crossing should be expounded. Calculations regarding the cost of "distances", "Curvature", "rise" and "fall" should be relegated to an appendix but reference to these calculations should be made where necessary, in discussing deviations.

The advantages and disadvantages of each alternative route should be discussed and reasons as to why the alignment finally selected is preferred should be furnished.

The total length of the route selected and the length in every State, Division and District and the length of Sections into which the proposed line has been divided for estimating purposes should be indicated.

524. Extensions.-At the time when he is formulating his Report, the Project Investigator should have a much better idea than any one else about the branches and other extension of the proposed lines which are likely to be needed in the near or the distant future; he should record his opinion on the subject under this Chapter even if he has received no definite instructions to that effects.

Project Engineering Estimation of Cost and Construction Schedule

525. Project Engineering.-This section must furnish information and data to the Project Manager to enable him to understand the scope and extent of the project and to assist him in formulating the strategy for execution and management of the project. It must bring to focus the problems likely to be encountered and identify the areas requiring special attention and place the knowledge and information gathered at the investigation stage for evolving optimal solutions. This section must broadly present the information under each of the main heads of the estimate of the cost of the proposed line describing the standards of the work for which the estimate cares for. Information must also be made available regarding the basis of adoption of principal rates to enable the Project Manager to understand the basis of the evaluation of cost of the project and to exercise cost control. The compilation may be done under various heading given in para 526 to 538.

526. Preliminary Expenses.-Under this heading the cost of surveys already carried out and indication of any further investigation which may be required before the commencement of the execution of the proposed line may be furnished.

527. Land.-Remarks as to the width of the land for which the estimate provides, particularly whether provision is made for doubling the line or not and the difficulties which may be expected in acquiring land owing to existing important buildings, religious archeological or other important structures military rights or other special causes should be given. Data regarding cost of land obtained from the Civil Authorities should be relegated to the appendix on "Rates".

528. Formation.-Under this head details should be given regarding formation width on banks and in cuttings; side slopes of banks and cuttings, method of construction of earth work; borrow areas; compaction of soil; use of special blanketing material; provision of sub-banks; with supporting information on soil investigation and results of core drilling wherever necessary: provision for turfing or other protection for banks and cuttings and for repairing them and for topping banks with selected material; sections of tunnels; retaining walls, side drains and catch water drains.

Sometimes there is a discrepancy between the values of bench marks used by various departments of Government or by Railways in the neighbourhood from which the proposed line starts; and any discrepancy and any errors in levels which are known to exist along the proposed line, should be mentioned.

In the case of projects for additional lines and gauge conversions, if any special arrangements are required for controlling the blasting for widening of existing cuttings, the method contemplated at the investigation stage may be indicated.

529. Bridges.-A list of various type of bridges in a tabulated form may be furnished. Detailed description should be given in the remarks column for bridges having a total waterway of 180 lineal metres or 110 sq. metre or more. Any difficulties expected, special methods proposed for construction, materials to be used may be detailed. Special arrangements that may be required for strengthening of existing bridges, if contemplated (particularly in the case of gauge conversions), extension of existing bridges (in the case of provision for additional lines) may be indicated. Method of transporting girder at components, arrangements for erection and launching of girders may be mentioned.

Information regarding the number of lineal metres of waterway per kilometre that for Major and Minor Bridges should be given separately (a "bridge" which has a total waterway of 18 lineal metres or more or which has a clear opening of 12 lineal metres or more in any on one span, is classed as a Major Bridge).

530. Permanent Way.-The possible location of Stores Depots for , P. Way and other stores and any problem likely to be encountered in training out materials may be discussed.

The nature of ballast, source of supply and quantity per metre provided for in the estimate may be indicated.

The minimum distance between reverse curves provided for in the alignment, the method adopted for laying out transition curves and vertical curves may be furnished.

Any special feature in the manner of linking of track particularly in the case of gauge conversion projects may be outlined.

531. Station Buildings and Residential Quarters.-The scale of facilities provided at various stations and any special architectural treatment that may be needed in the case of important buildings may be indicated. Location of administrative and other offices provided for in the project cost may be dealt with in this section. In the case of residential buildings the description of type of quarters, any planning required for townships, provision of dispensaries, institutes, market places may be highlighted.

532. Notes regarding Station Machinery may be presented under subgroups as indicated below :-

• (i) Running sheds and workshop facilities;

• (ii) Watering arrangements;

• (iii) Sand humps;

• (iv) Signalling and inter-locking; and

• (v) Others.

533. Road Crossings-The type of level crossing planned, any diversions of roads contemplated and any difficulties encountered in the execution of grade separated road crossings may be discussed.

534. Equipments-This section should discuss the equipment to be provided giving details separately for :-

• (i) Signalling;

• (ii) Communications including telegraphs, train control and microwave etc.; and

• (iii) Electrification of Stations.

Note-In case electric traction is adopted, that should be given covering all details.

535. Rolling Stock-Whether Rolling Stock has been provided for or not in the project cost may be stated. If provided for, full particulars regarding the number and type of engines and other rolling stock should be given with reasons for provisions made, if there are any ferries of floating bridges on the proposed line, the provision made in the estimate should also be specially mentioned.

536. Special Problems-This section may highlight any special problems which may present itself in the execution of the project and should discuss the technical solutions which are contemplated at the investigation.

537. Project Organisation.-The organisational structure required for execution of the project, the proposed headquarters of the Project Manager and other Construction Officers, the administrative division of the constructive activities may be discussed. Health and hygienic conditions are as likely to affect the staff and the provision of necessary medical establishment may be indicated. Suggested plans for providing housing for staff and labour, construction of temporary office buildings may be outlined. Comments regarding the availability of water for construction purposes and also its suitability for the drinking purposes may be given. Procurement of special plant and equipment of construction purposes and the final allocation of the cost of such plants may be indicated.

538. Rate Analysis-An analysis of the principal rates adopted in the estimation of cost and reasons for adopting the same should be given in appendix. for girders of other steel works an analysis of the rates per span and per tonne is necessary. This may also be indicated in the appendix on `Rates'.

539. Statistical Information-Statistical information may be compiled in the following form and furnished in the Report for the purpose of comparison and for the benefit of top management :-

• (i) Land rate per sq. hectare;

• (ii) Earth work in banks rate per 10 cu. m.;

• (iii) Earth work in cuttings overall average rate per 10 cu. m.;

• (iv) Lined tunnels -rate per metre length;

• (v) Unlined tunnels-rate per metre length;

• (vi) Major bridges-rate per metre length;

• (vii) Minor bridges-rate per metre length;

• (viii) Track (rails, sleepers and fastenings) laid in position-cost per km.;

• (ix) Main line-cost per km.;

• (x) Running loops-cost per km.;

• (xi) Sidings-cost per km.;

• (xii) Points and crossings per set;

• (xiii) Ballast-cost (laid in track per cu. m.);

• (xiv) Service Buildings-cost per sq. m.;

• (xv) Staff quarters-cost per sq. m.; and

• (xvi) Total cost of signalling per crossing station of 2 and 3 lines.

540. Estimation of Cost.-The methodology adopted in the computation of quantities for earth work, bridges and buildings may be indicated. For estimation of cost detailed estimates in form E-553 together with "Abstract Cost of Project" in Form E-554 and Abstract Estimate of Junction Arrangements in the case of projects relating to construction of new line should be prepared and appended to the report.

541. Investment Schedule.-In addition to the abstract cost, an Investment schedule for the various years of construction programme should be furnished.

542. If any phasing of work is required, the extent of such phasing with reasons thereof and the investment levels for such phasing may be indicated.

543. Construction Programme.-A net work may be developed while preparing detailed estimate for projects costing Rs. 50 lakhs or more if it is appropriate for the type of work undertaken and appended to the Report.

544. The Report should also be accompanied by the following tabulated details (see paragraphs 547 to 552) :-

• (i) Curve Abstract (Form E. 547).

• (ii) Gradient Abstract (Form E. 548).

• (iii) Bridge Abstract (Form E. 549).

• (iv) Important Bridges (Form E. 550).

• (v) Station Machinery (form E. 551).

• (vi) Stations and Station Sites (Form E. 552).

545. Covering Note.-The Report on the Final of Location Survey, otherwise called the Project Report should be submitted to the Railway Board under a covering note which should have the authority of the Railway Administration submitting the project report. The note should provide a summing up and inter alia state the object of the proposed survey and the circumstances leading to the present investigation. A brief resume of the past performance, present status of traffic movement and future traffic projections must be presented. A brief description of the salient features of the proposed scheme its cost and investment pattern should be given. If any estimate have been submitted previously for the project a comparison should be made between the detailed estimate prepared on the Final Location Survey and that already submitted to or sanctioned by the Railway Board. An explanation should also be given in the note of any material modification made in the project in excess in the estimate over an existing sanctioned estimate. A summary of the financial appraisal and a brief description of the benefit that will accrue from the schemes should be furnished. The note should conclude with the recommendation of the Railway Administration submitting the Report.

546. Arrangement of Documents.-All the documents pertaining to a Final Location Survey Report should be bound in the following order :-

• 1. Covering Note.

• 2. Index.

• 3. Report, followed by a "list of Drawing accompanying the Report"

• 4. Appendices to the Report :-

• (a) Historical and Geographical.

• (b) Location Reports.

• (c) Rates for construction work.

547. Curve Abstract-  Curve Abstract referred to in Paragraph 543 ante should be in the following ­

 Form E 547   ( Continued to........ List of forms)

 548.          Gradient Abstract:- The  standard form to be used is given below:-

 Form E. 548   (Continued to........ List of forms)

549. Bridge Abstract:- This  abstract should be prepared in the form given below:-       

 Form E.549      (Continued to........ List of forms)

550. Important Bridges:- Details about important bridges should be tabulated as shown in the standard form below:- 

Form E.550   (Continued to........ List of forms)

 551. Station Machinery:- The tabulated details under this head should be in the form below:-

Form E.551     (Continued to........ List of forms)

552. Station and Station Sites:-  Details should be tabulated as shown in the standard form below:- 

Form E. 552    (Continued to........ List of forms)

  553.  Detailed Estimates:- Details of the cost of construction of a proposed line under the various heads of Capital and other Works Expenditure classification should be prepared in the forms that follows . The various detailed estimates of a project are collectively referred to as the “construction estimate “ of the project (see paragraph 710-712) . The name of the project , the gauge and the length in kilometers should be shown on the top of each of the several parts constituting the “Construction Estimate” shown below.  In the forms indicated below the plan heads corresponding to new lines (Construction) has been shown. Depending on the Project investigated the corresponding Plan Head may be adopted.  

 Form E 553    (Continued to........ List of forms)

1120 LAND

(Reason for rates are given on page ………………)

  Add ……………. On account of pay, allowance, etc., of Land Acquisition Staff.

Add 5 per cent for contingencies.

            Total ………………….. Rs…….

            Rate per kilometre …… Rs. ……

1130 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING WORKS FORMATION

1131 EARTH WORK

(Reasons for rate are given on page …………………….)  

Mean rate per Kilometre.

1132. TUNNEL

(Reasons for Rates are given on page……………………….)

  Note.-Each tunnel should be estimated for separately, each different class of work appearing as a distinct item with its own quantities, rate and cost.